the global warming

  

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WHAT IS THE GLOBAL WARMING AND WHAT EFFECTS DOES THE PLANET EARTH?

Global warming is the long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system. It is a major aspect of climate change, and has been demonstrated by direct temperature measurements and by measurements of various effects of the warming global.The terms global warming and climate change are often used interchangeably.However, speaking more accurately, global warming denotes the mainly human-caused increase in global surface temperatures and its projected continuation,but climate change includes both global warming and its effects, such as changes in precipitation.While there have been prehistoric periods of global warming, many observed changes since the mid-20th century have been unprecedented over decades to millennia .

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report concluded, "It is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century."

The largest human influence has been the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.

Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) in a moderate scenario, or as much as 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) in an extreme scenario, depending on the rate of future greenhouse gas emissions and on climate feedback effects.

These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations and are not disputed by any scientific body of national or international standing.

The effects of global warming include rising sea levels, regional changes in precipitation, more frequent extreme weather events such as heat waves, and expansion of deserts.Ocean acidification is also caused by greenhouse gas emissions and is commonly grouped with these effects even though it is not driven by temperature. Surface temperature increases are greatest in the Arctic, which has contributed to the retreat of glaciers, permafrost, and sea ice. Overall, higher temperatures bring more rain and snowfall, but for some regions droughts and wildfires increase instead. Climate change threatens to diminish crop yields, harming food security, and rising sea levels may flood coastal infrastructure and force the abandonment of many coastal cities. Environmental impacts include the extinction or relocation of many species as their ecosystems change, most immediately the environments of coral reefs, mountains, and the Arctic.

Societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, and possibly climate engineering. Countries work together on climate change under the umbrella of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which has near-universal membership. The ultimate goal of the convention is to "prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system".Although the parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required and that global warming should be limited to well below 2 °C (3.6 °F) in the Paris Agreement, the Earth's average surface temperature has already increased by about half this threshold and current pledges by countries to cut emissions are inadequate to limit future warming.

                                

Observed temperature changes: 

Climate proxy records show that natural variations offset the early effects of the Industrial Revolution, so there was little net warming between the 18th century and the mid-19th century, when thermometer records began to provide global coverage. The IPCC has adopted the baseline reference period 1850–1900 as an approximation of pre-industrial global mean surface temperature.

Multiple independently produced instrumental datasets confirm that the 2009–2018 decade was 0.93 ± 0.07 °C warmer than the pre-industrial baseline (1850–1900). Currently, surface temperatures are rising by about 0.2 °C per decade. Since 1950, the number of cold days and nights have decreased, and the number of warm days and night have increased. Historical patterns of warming and cooling, like the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age, were not as synchronous as current warming, but may have reached temperatures as high as those of the late-20th century in a limited set of regions. Past examples of climate change provide insight into modern climate change.

Although the most common measure of global warming is the increase in the near-surface atmospheric temperature, over 90% of the additional energy stored in the climate system over the last 50 years has warmed ocean water.

The remainder of the additional energy has melted ice and warmed the continents and the atmosphere.

The warming evident in the instrumental temperature record is consistent with a wide range of observations, documented by many independent scientific groups; for example, in most continental regions the frequency and intensity of heavy precipitation has increased. Further examples include sea level rise, widespread melting of snow and land ice, increased heat content of the oceans, increased humidity, and the earlier timing of spring events, such as the flowering of plants.

Observed and expected effects on social systems:

-The effects of climate change on human systems have been detected worldwide, mostly due to warming or changes in precipitation patterns, or both.
-Wheat and corn production worldwide has been affected by climate change. Although agricultural productivity has increased in some mid-latitude regions, such as the United Kingdom and northeast China, economic losses due to extreme weather events have increased worldwide.
-Has a mortality linked to the change from cold to heat in some regions as a result of warming.
- Climate change has altered the livelihoods of the Arctic indigenous peoples and there is emerging evidence of their impacts on the livelihoods of indigenous peoples in other regions. Its effects are observed in more regions than before, on all continents and along ocean areas.

🌞 Global Warming Affecting Our Planet 🌍

WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING AND WHAT EFFECTS DOES THE PLANET EARTH?

Global warming is the long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system. It is a major aspect of climate change, and has been demonstrated by direct temperature measurements and by measurements of various effects of the warming global.The terms global warming and climate change are often used interchangeably.However, speaking more accurately, global warming denotes the mainly human-caused increase in global surface temperatures and its projected continuation,but climate change includes both global warming and its effects, such as changes in precipitation.While there have been prehistoric periods of global warming, many observed changes since the mid-20th century have been unprecedented over decades to millennia .

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report concluded, "It is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century."

The largest human influence has been the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.

Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) in a moderate scenario, or as much as 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) in an extreme scenario, depending on the rate of future greenhouse gas emissions and on climate feedback effects.

 These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations and are not disputed by any scientific body of national or international standing.

                             

The effects of global warming include rising sea levels, regional changes in precipitation, more frequent extreme weather events such as heat waves, and expansion of deserts.Ocean acidification is also caused by greenhouse gas emissions and is commonly grouped with these effects even though it is not driven by temperature. Surface temperature increases are greatest in the Arctic, which has contributed to the retreat of glaciers, permafrost, and sea ice. Overall, higher temperatures bring more rain and snowfall, but for some regions droughts and wildfires increase instead. Climate change threatens to diminish crop yields, harming food security, and rising sea levels may flood coastal infrastructure and force the abandonment of many coastal cities. Environmental impacts include the extinction or relocation of many species as their ecosystems change, most immediately the environments of coral reefs, mountains, and the Arctic.

                                            

Societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, and possibly climate engineering. Countries work together on climate change under the umbrella of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which has near-universal membership. The ultimate goal of the convention is to "prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system".Although the parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required and that global warming should be limited to well below 2 °C (3.6 °F) in the Paris Agreement, the Earth's average surface temperature has already increased by about half this threshold and current pledges by countries to cut emissions are inadequate to limit future warming.

                                 

Observed temperature changes

Climate proxy records show that natural variations offset the early effects of the Industrial Revolution, so there was little net warming between the 18th century and the mid-19th century, when thermometer records began to provide global coverage. The IPCC has adopted the baseline reference period 1850–1900 as an approximation of pre-industrial global mean surface temperature.

Multiple independently produced instrumental datasets confirm that the 2009–2018 decade was 0.93 ± 0.07 °C warmer than the pre-industrial baseline (1850–1900). Currently, surface temperatures are rising by about 0.2 °C per decade. Since 1950, the number of cold days and nights have decreased, and the number of warm days and night have increased. Historical patterns of warming and cooling, like the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age, were not as synchronous as current warming, but may have reached temperatures as high as those of the late-20th century in a limited set of regions. Past examples of climate change provide insight into modern climate change.

Although the most common measure of global warming is the increase in the near-surface atmospheric temperature, over 90% of the additional energy stored in the climate system over the last 50 years has warmed ocean water.

 The remainder of the additional energy has melted ice and warmed the continents and the atmosphere.

The warming evident in the instrumental temperature record is consistent with a wide range of observations, documented by many independent scientific groups; for example, in most continental regions the frequency and intensity of heavy precipitation has increased. Further examples include sea level rise, widespread melting of snow and land ice, increased heat content of the oceans, increased humidity, and the earlier timing of spring events, such as the flowering of plants.

🌞El Calentamiento Global Afectando A Nuestro Planeta 🌍

El calentamiento global en nuestro planeta 

Nombre 

del escritor : Jans Delgado 

Presentacion 

del proyecto: "EL CALENTAMIENTO GLOBAL AFECTANDO A NUESTRO PLANETA"

CONTENIDO 

DEL BLOGGER: Este blogger trata sobre el calentamiento global, sus causas , y sus soluciones ante este problema .

¿QUE ES CALENTAMIENTO GLOBAL ?

-El "calentamiento global" es el aumento observado  de la temperatura dentro del sistema climático de la Tierra y los efectos negativos de aquel aumento de temperatura alteran el cambio del clima.

-Múltiples líneas de pruebas científicas demuestran que el sistema climático se está calentando.

Muchos de los cambios observados desde los años 1950 no tienen precedentes en el registro instrumental de temperaturas que se extiende a mediados del siglo XIX ni en los registros paleoclimáticos que cubren miles de años.

-En 2013, el Quinto Informe de Evaluación (AR5) del Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático (IPCC) concluyó que «es extremadamente probable que la influencia humana ha sido la causa dominante del calentamiento observado desde la mitad del siglo XX».​ 

-La mayor influencia humana ha sido la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero como el dióxido de carbono, metano y óxidos de nitrógeno. 

-Las proyecciones de modelos climáticos resumidos en el AR5 indicaron que durante el presente siglo la temperatura superficial global subirá probablemente 0,3 a 1,7 °C para su escenario de emisiones más bajas usando mitigación estricta y 2,6 a 4,8 °C para las mayores.

             

-Estas conclusiones han sido respaldadas por las academias nacionales de ciencia de los principales países industrializados​ y no son disputadas por ninguna organización científica de prestigio nacional o internacional .

DE QUE MANERA AFECTA EL CALENTAMIENTO GLOBAL :

-Los efectos anticipados incluyen un aumento en las temperaturas globales, una subida en el nivel del mar , un cambio en los patrones de las precipitaciones y una expansion de los desiertos subtropicales. 

-Se espera que el calentamiento sea mayor en la tierra que en los océanos y el más acentuado ocurra en el Ártico, con el continuo retroceso de los glaciares, el permafrost y la banquisa.

-Otros efectos probables incluyen fenómenos meteorológicos extremos más frecuentes, tales como olas de calor, sequías, lluvias torrenciales y fuertes nevadas;​ acidificación del océano y extinción de especies debido a regímenes de temperatura cambiantes.

-Entre sus impactos humanos significativos se incluye la amenaza a la seguridad alimentaria por la disminución del rendimiento de las cosechas y la pérdida de hábitat por inundación.

-Debido a que el sistema climático tiene una gran inercia y los gases de efecto invernadero continuarán en la atmósfera por largo tiempo, muchos de estos efectos persistirán no solo durante décadas o siglos, sino por decenas de miles de años.

-El cambio climático futuro y los impactos asociados serán distintos en una región a otra alrededor del globo.​


-Se espera que el calentamiento sea mayor en la tierra que en los océanos y el más acentuado ocurra en el Ártico, con el continuo retroceso de los glaciares, el permafrost y la banquisa. 

-Otros efectos probables incluyen fenómenos meteorológicos extremos más frecuentes, tales como olas de calor, sequías, lluvias   torrenciales y fuertes nevadas;  acidificación del océano y extinción de especies debido a regímenes de temperatura cambiantes. 

-Se han detectado en todo el mundo los efectos del cambio climático en los sistemas humanos, en su mayoría debido al calentamiento o cambios en los patrones de precipitación, o ambos. 

-La producción de trigo y maíz a nivel mundial se ha visto afectada por el cambio climático. Pese a que la productividad agrícola se ha incrementado en algunas regiones de latitudes medias, como el Reino Unido y en el noreste de China, las pérdidas económicas debidas a fenómenos meteorológicos extremos han aumentado a nivel mundial. 

-Ha habido una mortalidad vinculada al cambio de frío a calor en algunas regiones como resultado del calentamiento. 

-El cambio climático ha alterado los medios de subsistencia de los pueblos indígenas del Ártico y hay evidencia emergente de sus impactos en los medios de subsistencia de los pueblos indígenas de otras regiones. Sus efectos se observan en más regiones que antes, en todos los continentes y a lo largo de zonas oceánicas.

El cambio climático ya está aquí y es por tanto, problema de todos. Es por ello que se han de tomar medidas desde todos los sectores de la sociedad y en todos los países. TODOS tenemos que contribuir a la disminución de las emisiones de gases invernadero :

1. Transporte: Reducir el transporte individual y promocionar los medios colectivos.

2. Energía doméstica: Disminuir su gasto con electrodomésticos de etiqueta energética o  apagando los aparatos completamente (y no en modo standby).

3. Residuos. Favorecer la separación de basuras y el reciclaje.

4. Materiales. Reutilizarlos siempre que se pueda (papel, juguetes, herramientas, muebles…) y evitar usar bolsas, cajas y embalajes.

5. Agua. Reducir su consumo colocando, por ejemplo, botellas en las cisternas.

6. Riego. Minimizar el riego de jardines y promocionar el sistema por goteo.

7. Urbanizar. Sólo donde se sepa que habrá agua suficiente a largo plazo. En muchas ocasiones se otorgan licencias donde no hay agua.

8. Naturaleza. Respetar los espacios protegidos y minimizar el impacto en zonas naturales.

9. Casas. Construirlas con buenos materiales aislantes térmicos para que la inversión en calefacción y el aire acondicionado sea menor

10. Rendijas. Mejorar los aislantes en ventanas y puertas porque entre un 5% y un 10% del calor del hogar se escapa por ellas.

11. Paneles solares fotovoltaicos conectados a la red eléctrica.

12. Suelo minimizar los cambios del uso del suelo y en general los suelos de artificiales y minimizar el uso de productos químicos .